Das Ende ist der Anfang und der Anfang ist das Ende

architecture of German immigration in RS from the perspective of the recomposition of half-timbered buildings Fachwerk

Abstract

This article seeks to highlight an architecture that is often unknown within the missionary region of Rio Grande do Sul (currently associated only with the Jesuit-Guarani Reductions): the popular architecture of German immigration. Furthermore, it intends to reflect on a process that has proliferated throughout the State, especially in so-called theme parks: the relocation and recomposition of Fachwerk half-timbered constructions, the construction technique most used by immigrants. This process, which often aims to preserve that material heritage, implies, however, the rupture of the architecture-place relationship, which makes such tourist-cultural spaces targets of criticism by preservationists. On the other hand, when investigating the origins of this way of building, it is clear that the possibility of disassembly and reassembly is part of the elementary principle of half-timbering, which has been explored for centuries. Thus, this qualitative study, of a bibliographic and documentary nature, seeks to promote this vernacular architecture, while valuing its memory and heritage, in addition to tensioning the process of translocation of this construction technique, which is still little investigated. It allows us to conclude that transfers are recommended as exceptional operations, prioritizing the safeguarding of the property in its original location. If, however, it is indeed unfeasible, maintaining its cultural significance, as well as documenting the entire process and methodological rigor, must be prioritized.